27 U of S Ege MS 31 Mid 1400s France Book of Hours - privately owned book of prayers Psalm 145 This leaf features an eye-catching border of ivy and flowers. The ivy leaves are illuminated with powdered gold, a more expensive substance for gilding than the gold leaf used on the decorated initial letters. The pigments of the vibrantly coloured flowers were created using a combination of exotic and ordinary materials. The most expensive blue pigment was ultramarine, derived from the blue Egyptian stone lapis lazuli. The most common green pigment was created by placing copper in vinegar. Mercuric sulphide (vermillion) was ground and mixed with egg white and gum arabic to make red ink.
			Introduction Making the Manuscript 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Using the Manuscript 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Admiring the Manuscript 21 22 23 24 25 The Golden Ratio 26 27 28 29 The End of the Manuscript 30 31 32 33